Antioxidant and antibacterial screening of honey of Hiterotrogona itamacollectedfrom differents meliponicultureareas in East Kalimantan, Indonesia

Abstract

Heterotrigona itama(Cockerell, 1918) is a stingless bee that exits in several areas in East Kalimantan of Indonesia. This study aimed to analyzethe phytochemicals, antioxidant activity of honey of this stingless bee from several regions in East Kalimantan. Phytochemical testing was carried out qualitatively, while antioxidant activity was performed using DPPH (1.1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl-radical) radical scavenging assay. The antimicrobial activity ofStaphylococcusaureusandEscherichia coliwas performedthrough in vitro test. The results showed that the honey of stinglessH. itamabee collected from five cultivated areas in East Kalimantan contained flavonoid, coumarin, steroids, carotenoids, and some of which had alkaloid and tannin compounds. The antioxidant activity (IC50) was observed between 43,54 ppm-71,27 ppm, while the strong antimicrobial activity of this honey was found against S. aureusandE. coli.