dc.description.abstract | This study investigated
how the inclusion of Boesenbergia pandurata extract (BPE) in goldfish
feed affects fish growth, immunity, and resistance to infection
by Aeromonas hydrophila and Pseudomonas fluorescens.
Four fish
feeds, were prepared by adding BPE at the concentrations
of 0 (control), 2, 4, and 6 g kg-1, respectively, and 120
goldfish (Cyprinus carpio; initial weight 5 g) were separated into 12
boxes and fed with specific pellets and examined thrice. The
experiment lasted 12 weeks, beginning with the different feeds, fish
growth was measured at Weeks 4 and 8
after the feeding period. Moreover, a challenge test with pathogen
bacteria to assay disease resistance was administered at Week 8
after the feeding period, and the survival rate and relative percentage
of survival were quantified at Week 12.
Results: At Week 8, the goldfish that were fed BPE-containing
feeds were significantly heavier than the fish that received
the control feed (pellet without BPE), and the highest weight
gain, reaching 72.44 g, was obtained with Pellet 3; accordingly, the
specific growth rate after BPE treatment (5.7%) was higher than that
after control treatment. Conversely, the feed conversion ratio in the control group, 2.03, was higher than the ratios in the BPE
groups, which were decreased to
0.55–0.90. Lastly, BPE treatment consistently enhanced the immunity
parameters of goldfish (relative to control treatment) at weeks 4 and
8, and following BPE treatment, the rate of resistance against bacterial
infection, 68.3%–77.0%, was higher than that after control treatment.
BPE addition in goldfish feed clearly produces
a positive effect by enhancing fish growth, immunity, and resistance
to infection by pathogenic bacteria, and 4 g kg-
1 is the optimal BPE concentration in feed prepared for goldfish. | en_US |
dc.description.sponsorship | Both the researchers and the writers thank Universitas Mulawarman, LPDP, for providing the funds to conduct this research. We are especially grateful to the students from the Faculty of Marine and Fisheries Science, Universitas Mulawarman, for their support and efforts in conducting this research. | en_US |