Biosynthesis and Characterization of Silver Nanoparticles using Single Garlic Callus Extract (Allium sativumL.)

Abstract

Nanotechnology is a relatively new and innovative field with huge potential for application in the food and drug industries. Due to their excellent physicochemical and biological properties, silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) are often utilized in various applications and have been the subject of substantial research.AgNP synthesis using plant extracts has recently gained popularity due to their environmental friendliness, affordability, and potent functionalityin several applications. The present study evaluatedthe biosynthesis, stability, and characteristics of AgNPs using a single garlic callus extract (Allium sativumL.) AgNPs were synthesized using single garlic callus extract (AgNPs-As) by adding 1 mM AgNO3to ethanolic extracts of single garlic callusat a 1:9 ratio, incubating at 35 °C for 48 h, and observing thecolloidal color change. Spectrophotometry (absorption at 200–800 nm), SEM, EDX, PSA, FTIR, and XRDwere used for their characterization. The present study showed a colloidal color change to brown, indicating the formation of AgNPs-As. The characterization of AgNPs-As using SEM, EDX, PSA, and XRD revealed a spherical morphology with an average size of 201.9 nm. Several active compounds were identified fromdifferent peaks, indicating the presence of several types of biological functional groups,such as alkaloids, terpenoids, carbonyl groups, esters, halides, and alcohol were also confirmed using FTIRspectroscopy.