Kajian proses produksi pulp dan kertas ramah lingkungan dari sabut kelapa

Abstract

Paper traditionally defined as thin mass of felted sheet separated from the water suspension of prevalently cellulose-based pulp fibers on a fine screen, followed by sheet form- ing, compression, drying, and finishing-actions. This study determine the best condition of NaOH concentration (10 and 15 %) in pulp manufacturing from coconut husk fibers (data analyzed by two-tailed t test at a 5 %). The influence of tapioca and kaolin addition (0 and 10 %) following the pulping process on physical properties of paper is also studied (data analyzed by Anova and followed by tukey test at a 5 %), as well as the biomass conversion calculation based on Acacia mangium. The parameters observed are alkali consumption, kappa number, pulp yield, water absorption, tensile strength, and tear strength. The higher alkali consumption occurred at NaOH 15 % and the higher pulp yield obtained at NaOH 10 %, meanwhile kappa number of pulp is not affected. Water absorption of paper are not significantly different between treatments. Maximum tear and tensile index obtained from the pulp with NaOH 15 % and addition of tapioca 5 %, and from the pulp with NaOH 10 % and tapioca 5 %, respectively. The use of coconut-husk from 1 ha coconut-field for paper manufacture can save 2.02 tons (5.05 m3) of wood per year (based on Acacia mangium), hence avoiding the cutting of 0.02 ha of forest per year, thereby affording carbon sink of 1.01 tons and concurrently enabling the absorption of 0.76 tons CO2 per year.