Local and Central Political Conflict in The Implementation of The Post Mining Policies in East Kalimantan Province, Indonesia : A Review

Abstract

Mining activity is one of the major economic contributors in Indonesia. Mining activity has increased the economy of the local people in various parts of Indonesia such as Kalimantan, Sumatra, and Papua. The context of this study had taken a case of a political conflict in an implementation of post-coal mining policies in East Kalimantan Province. This study used the exploratory research method. This research found that government had become very reliant on mining activity and this had led to social, economic and environmental impacts. Thus, people realized that mining activity did not increase their welfare but in contrary caused negative impacts, hence rose political conflict between the government and local people. It can be analyzed that the factors that cause political conflict are due to structural problems, namely regulatory policies, in this case, Government Regulation No. 78/2010 concerning Reclamation and Post-Mining. Political conflicts occur because of different interests or a belief that the aspirations of the parties to a conflict cannot be achieved simultaneously.