Swidden agriculture field is a dry land used by traditional farmers to cultivate some varieties of local upland rice intercropped with vegetables, tubers, and fruits. This rotational cultivation system utilizes the land ...

Swiftlet nest is a high-value nontimber forest product produced from the saliva of swiftlet birds. While the demands for this commodity continue to increase in global market, careless harvesting techniques have diminished ...

Community forests Gorontalo are widely planted and maintained by Gorontalo people where the area is not too large which only ranges from 1ha. This type is good for carbon absorption, as for this type of Mahogany (Swetenia ...

The establishment of Village Forest status gives local people assurance to manage the forest independently, but also limits its utilization. Communities are given freedom in the utilization of Non-Timber ...

Shorea macrophylla is a tree species in Tane' Olen forest area. This study analyzed the soil’s physical and chemical properties, topography, and microclimate of S. macrophylla’s habitat. A purposive method was used to ...

Mangrove forest is a typical tropical and subtropical forest, which is affected by sea tides. This study aimed to investigate the effect of pH, seawater salinity, and edaphic factors on carbon growth and stocks. The research ...