Antioxidant Assay with Scavenging DPPH Radical of Artocarpus anisophyllus Miq Stem bark extracts and Chemical compositions and Toxicity Evaluation for the Most Active Fraction

Abstract

The purpose of this study was to determine the antioxidant activity of crude extract and their fractions, the content of secondary metabolite types of crude extract, and the chemical content and toxicity of the most active fractions as antioxidants from stem bark of Artocarpus anisophyllus Miq. (Mentawa). The methods used are phytochemical screening, toxicity tests against Artemia salina by the Brine Shrimp Lethality Test (BSLT), antioxidant activity assay with DPPH radical reduction method, and determination of chemical compound by GC-MS analysis. Phytochemical test results showed that crude extract containing alkaloids, triterpenoids, phenolics and flavonoids. The results of the antioxidant activity of the n-hexane, ethyl acetate and methanol fractions obtained IC50 values of 127.69, 28.65 and 79.43ppm, respectively. Ethyl acetate (as the most active fraction) was then fractionated using a vacuum chromatography column and the fractions obtained were E1 (268.8mg), E2 (337.1), E3 (234.3mg) and E4 (431.2mg). The antioxidant activity test showed that E2 was the most active compared to other fractions with an IC50 value of 37.24ppm. While the toxicity test results showed that E2 was very active with an LC50 value of 6.23ppm indicating that E2 was also potentially developed as an anticancer drug. Based on GC-MS spectrum analysis, of the several main compounds, four of which are aromatic compounds that have the potential to be developed as antioxidants, namely 2- (Benzyloxy) phenol (phenolic compound) (3.96%) (51),), 1, 2- Benzenedicarboxylic acid, dinonyl ester (2.44%) (52), Linderazulene (2.43%) (30), p-Nonylphenol (2.36%). Some other aromatic minor compounds can also be active as antioxidants.