Immunomodulatory effect and disease resistance from of three Borneo plant extracts to Aeromonas hydrophila and Pseudomonas fluorescens in tilapia, Oreochromis niloticus

Abstract

Immunomodulatory effect and disease resistance from of three Borneo plant extracts to Aeromonas hydrophila and Pseudomonas fluorescens in tilapia, Oreochromis niloticus. Aquacultura Indonesiana, 20 (1): 41-47. The objective of this study was to evaluate the immunomodulatory activity and diseases resistance of concoction Boesenbergia pandurata/B.p, Solanum ferox/S.f, and Zingiber zerumbet/Z.z extract in tilapia with the concentrations 600 mg/L BP, 900 mg/L SF and 200 mg/L ZZ against Aeromonas hydrophila and Pseudomonas fluorescens. Immunomodulatory activity was measured by testing the concoction of three plants extract to prevent and treatment pathogen infection (A. hydrophila and P. fluorescens 105 CFU/mL each bacteria). In this research, feed administration method was used with the concoction of extract B.p, S.f, Z.z. The extract was given for 14 days, three times a day (3-5% of fish body weight). The immunomodulatory parameters (white blood cell/WBC, red blood cell/RBC, phagocytic index/IP) and relative present survival/RPS were observed at (4th) week after challenges with bacteria through intramuscularly injection (0.1 mL/fish). In the prevention and treatment groups, the number of WBC and RBC was increased significantly (P<0.05) compared to controls without extract. Phagocytic index of fish fed with combined extracts also experienced a significant increase compared to controls. The results of this study indicated that the use of concoction of three extracts provides the best protection (RPS) and diseases infection recovery from A. hydrophila and P. fluorescent. The conclusion of this research is the concoction of B.p, S.f, and Z.z has an immunomodulatory effect in tilapia and could increase protection and diseases recovery from bacterial infections.