Spatial Distribution of Dengue Haemorrhagic Fever (DHF) Vulnerability level Based on Population Density, Rainfall, Drainage Condition, Natural Water Body, Vector Control Program in Tanjung Redeb Sub-District of Berau, east Kalimantan Province

Abstract

Dengue hemorrhagic fever (DHF) has still become a major health concern in the world particularly in the tropical and sub-tropical area such as South-east Asia including Indonesia. In 2010, about 1.317 mortality due to dengue out of 150.000 cases has made Indonesia become the highest case of DHF country in South-east Asia. The province of East Kalimantan represents the endemic region of DHF and contributes the highest cases in Indonesia especially in the sub-district of Tanjung Redeb, district of Berau. This study investigated the level of vulnerability of DHF at sub-district scale based on population density, rainfall, drainage condition, natural water body and vector control program. A geographical information system (GIS) software were used for mapping the spatial distribution of vulnerability area of DHF in sub-district of Tanjung Redeb for every three months period of 2014. The level of DHF vulnerability in Tanjung Redeb was fluctuate. At the first three months was medium, and continues to become high level at the second and third three months, then become medium level at the last three months during 2014-time period. This result indicates that the spatial distribution based on climate, landscape, and human factors might be used to predict the vulnerability area of DHF at the fine scale such as sub-district level. This information will in turn may help government to conduct a better strategy for controlling the transmission of DHF in each area.