Boesenbergia pandurata application in Goldfish (Cyprinus carpio) Feed to Enhancing Fish Growth, Immunity System, and Resistance to Bacterial Infection
Abstract
Background: This study investigated
how the inclusion of Boesenbergia pandurata extract (BPE) in goldfish
feed affects fish growth, immunity, and resistance to infection
by Aeromonas hydrophila and Pseudomonas fluorescens.
Methods: Four fish
feeds, were prepared by adding BPE at the concentrations
of 0 (control), 2, 4, and 6 g kg-1, respectively, and 120
goldfish (Cyprinus carpio; initial weight 5 g) were separated into 12
boxes and fed with specific pellets and examined thrice. The
experiment lasted 12 weeks, beginning with the different feeds, fish
growth was measured at Weeks 4 and 8
after the feeding period. Moreover, a challenge test with pathogen
bacteria to assay disease resistance was administered at Week 8
after the feeding period, and the survival rate and relative percentage
of survival were quantified at Week 12.
Results: At Week 8, the goldfish that were fed BPE-containing
feeds were significantly heavier than the fish that received
the control feed (pellet without BPE), and the highest weight
gain, reaching 72.44 g, was obtained with Pellet 3; accordingly, the
specific growth rate after BPE treatment (5.7%) was hig
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